The strategy adopted by Philip Morris International (PMI) over the past decade certainly bears closer scrutiny, not least as a case study in how vision and perseverance sometimes pays off in the face of what seemed, at a shallow reading, overwhelming odds. While the company’s line of heated tobacco products, including the IQOS, hasn’t yet replaced conventional tobacco products, the new leadership, helmed by Jacek Olczak who was appointed chief executive officer on May 5, 2021, is determined to maintain its leading position and accelerate the company’s transformation to what it considers to be a less harmful risk-reduced – but not risk-free, it is worth underlining – alternative to traditional tobacco products, and, in his own words, to a “smoke-free future.” PMI demonstrated how a company can manage through a combination of innovation and responsible commercialization to not only stay in business but also thrive in a highly competitive global